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Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, Laboratoire de Mineraoloige Cristallographie de Paris, Paris, France
CNRS, France
Universite de Versaille, France
Mossbauer spectrometry of natural samples of tourmaline shows the presence of Fe (super 2+) and Fe (super 3+) either in the Y (9b) or the Z (18c) sites, with intervalent iron delocalized between these sites. To understand the distribution of iron in natural samples, tourmaline was synthesized at temperatures from 400 to 700 degrees C, under a pressure of 100 MPa, by the transformation of an Fe (super 2+) -rich natural chlorite in the presence of Na (sub 0.5) K (sub 0.5) -feldspar, boric acid, and H 2 O in stoichiometric proportions. The oxygen fugacity, f O2 , of most experiments was buffered by solid assemblages including hematite (HM), nickel-nickel oxide (NNO), and quartz-fayalite-iron (QFI). It was possible to synthesize tourmaline with Fe (super 2+) in the Z site and Fe (super 2+) or Fe (super 2+) + Fe (super 3+) in the Y site. These site occupancies are similar to those observed in many natural samples. For each f O2 buffer, Mossbauer spectrometry shows that Fe (super 3+) /Fe (super 2+) in the Y site is correlated positively with T and f O2 for T<550 degrees C. For higher temperatures, a negative correlation is observed. These relationships reflect structural changes involving the localization of Fe (super 2+) in the Z site and an increasing amount of Al in the Y site. Fe (super 3+) /total Fe can be represented by general equations of the type [%Fe (super 3+) ] = e (super (a logfO2+b)) . The curves corresponding to each temperature are roughly parallel and equidistant. Thus, Fe tourmaline is a potential geothermometer and an f O2 indicator.
This record provided courtesy of AGI/GeoRef.
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