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Lakargiite CaZrO₃: A new mineral of the perovskite group from the North Caucasus, Kabardino-Balkaria, Russia

Evgeny V. Galuskin^1,*, Viktor M. Gazeev², Thomas Armbruster³, Aleksander E. Zadov⁴, Irina O. Galuskina¹, Nikolai N. Pertsev², Piotr Dzieranowski⁵, Milen Kadiyski³, Anatoly G. Gurbanov², Roman Wrzalik⁶ and Antoni Winiarski⁶

¹ Faculty of Earth Sciences, Department of Geochemistry, Mineralogy, and Petrography, University of Silesia, Bdziska 60, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
² Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Geochemistry, Mineralogy, and Petrography (IGEM), Russian Academy of Sciences, Staromonetny 35, 119017 Moscow, Russia
³ Mineralogical Crystallography, Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
⁴ ÎÎÎ NPP TEPLOHIM, Dmitrovskoye av., 71, 127238 Moscow, Russia
⁵ Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy, and Petrology, Warsaw University, al. wirki i Wigury 93, 02-089 Warszawa, Poland
⁶ August Chekowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland

Correspondence: ^* E-mail: galuskin{at}us.edu.pl

Lakargiite CaZrO₃ –– the zirconium analog of perovskite [Pbnm, a = 5.556(1), b = 5.715(1), c = 7.960(1) Å, V 252.7(1) ų, Z = 4] was discovered as an accessory mineral in high-temperature skarns in carbonate-silicate rocks occurring as xenoliths in ignimbrites of the Upper-Chegem (Verkhniy Chegem) volcanic structure, the North Caucasus, Kabardino-Balkaria, Russia. Lakargiite forms pseudo-cubic crystals up to 30 35 µm in size and aggregates up to 200 µm. Lakargiite is associated with spurrite, larnite, calcio-olivine, calcite, cuspidine, rondorfite, reinhardbraunsite, wadalite, perovskite, and minerals of the ellestadite group. The new perovskite mineral belongs to the ternary solid solution CaZrO₃-CaTiO₃-CaSnO₃ with a maximum CaZrO₃ content of ca. 93%, maximum CaTiO₃ content of 22%, and maximum CaSnO₃ content of 20%. Significant impurities are Sc, Cr, Fe, Ce, La, Hf, Nb, U, and Th. Raman spectra of lakargiite are similar to those of the synthetic phase Ca(Zr,Ti)O₃ with strong bands at 352, 437, 446, 554, and 748 cm^–1. Lakargiite crystallized under sanidinite-facies conditions of contact metamorphism characterized by very high temperatures and low pressures.

Key Words: Lakargiite • perovskite group • solid solution • CaZrO₃ • CaSnO₃ • Raman spectroscopy • skarn • Caucasus

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