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American Mineralogist; July 2008; v. 93; no. 7; p. 977-987; DOI: 10.2138/am.2008.2760
© 2008 Mineralogical Society of America
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High-temperature ammonium white mica from the Betic Cordillera (Spain)

María Dolores Ruiz Cruz1,* and Carlos Sanz De Galdeano2

1 Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Cristalografía y Mineralogía, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
2 Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra, CSIC-Universidad de Granada, Facultad de Ciencias, 18071 Granada, Spain

Correspondence: * E-mail: mdruiz{at}uma.es

High-temperature, ammonium-rich white mica has been identified for the first time in deep Paleozoic (and probably older) polymetamorphic schists from the Internal Zone of the Betic Cordillera (Spain). Ammonium-rich white mica has been characterized by optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, electron microprobe, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. High-temperature, ammonium-rich white mica shows some significant chemical differences with tobelite formed in hydrothermal and low-temperature metamorphic rocks. Although the average formula, Ca0.09Na0.01K0.15(NH4)0.75(Al1.70Ti0.01Fe0.26Mg0.13)(Si2.99Al1.01)O10(OH)2, is typical of a dioctahedral mica, the chemical plots reveal a clear deviation toward the trioctahedral field. Thus, the increase in Fe + Mg contents is not accompanied by the parallel increase of Si contents, characteristic of the phengitic substitution, which is characteristic of low-pressure conditions of formation. Chemical differences are also accompanied by notable differences in the optical properties, both features suggesting that the term tobelite is not appropriate for this mica. Ammonium-rich white mica relics only persist in some graphite-rich microdomains, defining the first schistosity. Textural relations indicate that this mica formed during an older pre-Alpine metamorphic episode.

Key Words: Ammonium-rich white mica • Betic Cordillera • muscovite • SEM • TEM-AEM • tobelite






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