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Low-temperature calorimetric and magnetic data for natural end-members of the axinite group

Jan Filip^1,2,*, Edgar Dachs³, Jií Tuek^1,4, Milan Novák² and Petr Bezdika⁵

¹ Centre for Nanomaterial Research, Palack University in Olomouc, Svobody 26, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
² Department of Geological Sciences, Masaryk University, Kotláská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
³ Department of Material Engineering and Physics, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstrasse 34, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
⁴ Department of Experimental Physics, Palack University in Olomouc, Svobody 26, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
⁵ Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Academy of Science of the Czech Republic, 250 68 e, Czech Republic

View larger version (7K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIGURE 1. Chemical compositions of axinite-group minerals. Symbols represent electron microprobe analyses on crystals selected for this study.

View larger version (15K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIGURE 2. Room-temperature 57Fe Mössbauer spectra of axinite-group minerals (except Fe-free magnesioaxinite). Note, both Fe2+ and Fe3+ are in a high-spin state.

View larger version (17K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIGURE 3. Temperature dependence of the heat capacity of axinite-group minerals. Low-temperature regions in the range 0–12 K are inserted. (a) Data for end-member ferroaxinite and magnesioaxinite. (b) Data for manganaxinite and tinzenite.

View larger version (12K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIGURE 4. Heat capacity of ferroaxinite, manganaxinite, and tinzenite in the low-temperature region 0–15 K and functions used to extrapolate CP to 0 K. For manganaxinite and tinzenite, this extrapolation is done in the temperature range 0–5 K on the basis of a Schottky anomaly (solid curves, representing CP lattice + CP Schottky); for ferroaxinite, a lambda-type CP anomaly between 0 and 2 K with a peak at around 1 K was assumed as indicated by the stippled curve.

View larger version (15K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIGURE 5. The results of magnetic measurements of ferroaxinite. (a) Inverse temperature dependence of magnetic mass susceptibility () with an inset of low-temperature region 0–20 K. (b) Plot of T vs. T with an inset of low-temperature region 0–50 K (AF = arrow points to the temperature where antiferromagnetic interactions contribute to ferroaxinite magnetic ordering). (c) Field dependence of the magnetization at selected temperatures with an inset of the hysteresis loop near the origin.

View larger version (29K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIGURE 6. The results of magnetic measurements of manganaxinite (left) and tinzenite (right). (a) Inverse temperature dependence of magnetic mass susceptibility () with an inset of low-temperature region 0 20 K. (b) Plot of T vs. T with an inset of low-temperature region 0–50 K. (c) Field dependence of the magnetization at selected temperatures with an inset of the hysteresis loop near the origin.